Rock-drilling machine or engine.



N0. 872,418. PATENTED DEG. 3, 1907. H. HELLMAN & L. C. BAYLES.

ROK DRILLING MACHINE 0R ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY Iz. 1905.

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.w im.. ik... 4., n v. h 1 l l ltive `transverse section on line y- -2Fig.l 2.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIcE.

HENRY HELLMAN AND LEWIS ONDICT BAYLES, JOHANNESBURG, TRANSVAALRock-DRILLING MACHINE on ENGINE.

i .Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented nene. 3, 19o?.

Application filed Juiy l2. 1905. Serial No. 269.408.

`ing bit either by means of water or other liquid under pressure, oralternatively by means of the actuating gaseous fluid; secondly to4means whereby the power utilized for feed-V ing the drill may be varied;and our-inventionA consists in the construction, arrangement andcombination of the several operaarts of the machine as hereinafter moreparticularly described and defined in the claims'hereunto ap ended. i

A machine or engine constructed in accordance with our present inventionoperates automatically to feed the drill and to impart to' the drillingor boring bit the intermittent ro- -tary motion; the machine is of simle, elfic-ient and compact construction. nce the machine has beenbrought into operation it continues to operate until it reaches thelimit of its feed or movement in a forward direction when it isnecessary to retract the machine andremve the .drilling orboring .bitand substitute it by a longer one, when the machine can'again be putinto operation.

A machine embodying in its construction 4the several features of'thisinvention is de'- picted in the annexed drawing, forming part of thisspecification, and we will now proceed to a detailed description thereofby aid of said drawing. A

Figure 1 represents the machine in longitudinal or side elevation. Fig.2 represents it in longitudinal section. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectionon line :1c- Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a transverse section on line y-/J Fig. 2.Fig. 5 is a transverse section on line z-zFig. 2. Fig. 6 is a transversesection on line :r9-:1:1

Fig. 2. Fig.,7 is Ia transverse section on line 'y1-gf Fig. 2. Fig. 8 isa transverse section on line 21e-21 Fig. 2.' Fig. 9 is a transversesection on line :zz-y Fig. 2. Fig. 10 is' a Fig.` 1,1 a transversesection on line w-z Fig. 2.

.In the drawmgthe reference figure 1 re resents the main or powercylinder, in the ollow center or bore of which is located the iston orpercussive reciprocating mem er.

This cylinder at its forward end is increased in diameter.

Atthe forward end the main cylinder 1 is constructed with an inlet 2which is shown formed with aninternal screw thread into which isscrewelf'the throttle valve or other connection with -the hose or otherpreferably flexible ipe conducting the actuating gaseous flui tothe-'machine lThis'inlet 2 communicates on the one side with a main suply port' 3, and on the other side withanother port 4, hereinafterreferred to, running longitudinally of -the cylinder 1 in a rearwarddirection.

In the rear end of the main cylinder 1 is screwed a ca or cover 5 whichcloses this end of the cylin er 1. This cover 5 on the'inside isconstructed with a cylindrical projection 6A which is formed with anexternal screw thread and screws into the internally threaded rear endof the bore of the cylinder 1. Round the end of the threaded portion ofthe cylindrical projection 6 is formed an annular groove 7 with whichthe port 4 communicates-see Fig. 2.

The cap or cover 5 is constructed with 'a rearward extension 8 of squareor any suitable polygonal transverse section externally, the extension8- is inclosed by a c linder 9 which constitutes the feedcylin er. Theextension 8 at its rear end is constructed with ahead or cylindricalenlargement 10 which forms a piston in thel bore of the feed cylinder 9.'()n the rear end of the piston 10 is arranged a cup leather 11 whichisretained in position thereon by means of a retaining bolt or plug 12screwed into a hole in the rear end of the piston 10. The cup leather 11 serves for making a fluid tight sliding 'oint between the end of thepiston 10 an the bore of the feed cylinder 9. When the bolt or plug- 12is screwed home in the rear end' of the iston 10 a space 13 is le'ftatthe bottom of t e hole.

a central hole -14 communicating at the one end with the space 1,3 andat the other end opening into the interior of the feed cylinder 9 at therear of the cup leather 1 1.l .The rear end of the feed cylinder 9 isclosed by'means of the back screw plug 15. l y l Encircling the feedcylinder 9 is an adjust'- a'blc supporting sleeve or band'l shown confThrough the bolt 12 is formed "ilo structed .with a conical projection-17 by in theA cap w hole and the annular enlargement 24 is lomeans ofwhich it may be fixed in a column clamp or any other suitable sup ort..The. sleeve 16 which is split, is formed) with lugs 18 through which isp assed a bolt 19 which serves for tightening the sleeve 16 round the lfeed cylinder 9.

At the forward end of the feed cylinder 9, through which works theextension 8 of square or other polygonal transverse section, is fitted acup leather 2O and gland or other suitable preferably metal ring v21,which are shaped internallyto correspond to the exterv nal shape of theextension 8, the cup leather 20 and gland 21 forming'a fluid tightsliding joint with said extension 8. In the gland Aca 22 is formed ahole in'which is arranged a olt or catch 23 constructed with a piston orannular enlargement 24 fitting said hole 22. Between the bottom of thecated a spiral spring 25 which tends to'keep the inner end of the boltor catch 23 pressedV against the surfaceof the extension-8.

the forward end of the extension 8 is formed a hole or recess 26 Awhichwhen the extensionretain the extension 8 inside the feed cylinder- .9.This device is provided to facilitate the changing of thedrills or bits,more particularly when drilling `downwardly inclined holes, the bolt 23then serving to hold the drill while the changing of thebit-is effectedv and preventing the extension '8 sliding for-YY ward in the feedcylinder 9 by gravity during -this o eration. It also-enables theextension 8 to e secured inside the feed cylinder 9 when transporting`the machine or at any other time as may be desired.

In the power cylinder cover 5 is' formed a screw threaded hole 27 and'communicating vwith said hole 27 is a port 28 which ort 28 communicateswith another port 29 ormed longitudinally of the extension 8 and com*municates at its rear end kwith the space 13 in the iston 10 and throughthe port 14 in the bo t 12 with the rear of said'piston 10.

Into the screw threaded hole 27 1s screwed a valve 30 to which is xed bymeans of the clamp 31 a hose or other suitable preferably flexible pipe32'which serves for conducting water under pressure to the valve 30. The

in the position in which it is laced to open I the feed cylinder y9 atthe-bac of the-piston 10 to-exhaust or to draw off the Water or otherliquidtherefrom through the port 34.

-By rotating the -valve 30 quarter of a revolution the exhaust port 34isclosed and the lmain liquid supply port `33 is'placed incOmmunication'wit the feed cyl1nder'9 at the rear ofthe piston 10. Inthe cylinder cover 5 and communicating on the one side with theliquid-supply port 28 is another port 35. -This latter port 35communicates with an annular groove or recess 36 formed in the rear endofthe main cylinder 1 or 'between the V,cylinder 1` and cover 5. In thecylinder cover 5 is lformed another hole 37 which forms a continuationofthe port 28. Thev 6 is formed a port 42whic'h places the`annularrecess 7 round said extension 6 in communication with the hole37 in the cylinder -cover 5 above the piston 40.' As' previouslyexplained the. actuatingy fluid which is admitted'at theinlet 2 is freetopass along port 4to the annular recess 7 and said recess 7 throughport 42 being in communication with the hole-37, the actuating fluid isfree to enter said hole 37 but the piston 40 (in the position in whichit is sho'wn'in Fig. 2) prevents the actuating -uidpassingbeyond -it orentering the ports 28, 29 .by which the water or liquid enters the feedcylinder 9,

It is lshown in this posif iovov when water or liquid is being utilizedfor the purpose ofl feeding the drill. The Screw threaded hole 37 ismade sufficiently-.long for the plug 38 to screw down sufficiently farto place the piston 40 in a recess formed by the ole 37 round the innerend of the port 28. v

It will be perceived that when the piston 40' is invthis. osition itcloses the port 28 and shuts off t e water supply to the port 29 and 'atthe same time permits the actuating fluid to enter said port 29 andassinto the feed cylinder9 attherearof't e1 piston l0. In

the cylinder cover eXtension'S and longitudinally'thereof is formedanother port 41 which at its rear end communicates with the feedcylinder 9 in front ofthe piston 10. This port 41 at-its other endcommunicates with a screw threaded hole `44 in which is located a screwplug 45. In Fig. 2 the two longitudinalports 29- and y41 are incommunication throughthe inner ortion of the screw threaded hole 44,and., t e outer end of the screw threaded hole 44 is closed by the screwplug 45; When in this positionthe liquid utilized for feeding the drillis ee to pass both to the rear and front of the piston 10; In thisposition the resultant force `with which the drill is fed forward willbe repreon thediference ofthe areas at the two powercylinder 1 areformedtwo ot er ports* sides of the piston 10.. The Huid will beadmitted toboth sides ofthe piston 10 when.

the machine is o erating in a downwardly inclined .hole lan when thefeeding of the drill is assisted by the weight of those parts of themachine which move forward to feed the drill.` When the machine, isbeing used for drilling an upwardly inclined hole it will be understoodthat the wei ht of those parts which advance to feed the ill will beactin againstthe pressure ofthe liquid in the fee cylinder 9 and toprovide for this or to compensate for the weight of said moving partsthe plug 45 is screwed past the port 41 closing `1t to liquid. suply-and opening it to eX- haust so that the iquid only enters the feedcylinder 9 atthe rear of the piston 10, when `e ull area of the piston10'is utilized for feedin "the drill.

In` t ecylindrical extension 6 'of the cylinder cover- 5 is formed lacentral hole 46 whicho ens to the bore of the cylinder 1' and on it erear en d f the piston or recipro- 4 eatin `percussive member 47 isformed a reciprocating member 47` and prevents it' `stri ingviolently onthe cylinder cover 5.

AIn the enlarged forward end f the main or power cylinder 1 is located avalve 49 which serves for controlling the distribution o1 the actuatinfluid in the power cylinder 1 or,f or. alternate y admitting theactuating fluid to.

either side of the piston or reciprocating percussive memberl 47 and att e same time placing the -opposite end in' communication w'ithlexhaust.As seen more particularly in Figs. 2 and 10 the valve 49 is ofcylindrical shape `and is constructed with a projection onone sideforming'v flat faces' 51, 52,

which are utilized for reversing the valve 49 said projection 50 workingin a curved recess 53 formed the front end of the cylinder 1. Thecylinder. 1 is, as previously stated, constlructed with a main sup lyport v3 in communication with the fluid' inlet 2. Three vvports'54fservefor placing the main supply `port 3 .under the control of the valve 49.'In

the cylinder 1 are formed two other ports '55,.'56, which are `alsocontrolled by. the

valve, the'one port 55, leading to the for. ward end ofthe cylinder 1 orfront of the 'piston-47 and the other one 56 leading tothe .ilf end ofthe cylinder 1 or back of the pisv-to`1 r.f47,each alternately servingas supply -exhaust ports. v- Longitudinall of the 57,` 5,8, which placethe recess 53 atopposite sides of the valveprojection 50 incommunication with the interior of the 'cylinder 1. In the enlargedfront portion ofthe cylinder 1 are formed two transverse ports 59, 60,which, serve as exhaust orts for opposite ends of the cylinder 1. n thevalve 49 are formed two peripheral 'grooves `or recesses 61, 62, sopositioned that they alternately place the ports 55, 56, incommunication with the main supply port 3 and also alternately place'saidports 55, 56 in communication with the exhaust ports 60, 59. InFig. 10 the valve 49 is shown in such a position that Vthe port 56 whichleads to the rear end of the cylinder 1, is,-by means of the peripheralrecess 61, in communication wlth the exhaust port 59, while the portleading to the forward end of the cylinder 1 is by the peripheral recess62 and ports 54. in;

communication with the main supply port 3 and elosedto exhaust. 'In thisposition the piston or reciprocating ercussive member 47 1s moving in arearwar direction inside the c linder 1.. When the'lpiston 47 overruns te -1port 58 it allows the actuating fluid at the ont of the piston. 47vtopass 'along said port 58 and venter the recess 53, when, by acting onthe surface .52 of the projection 50 of the valve- 49 it' reverses the.valve and' port'57, which it does shortly before it impinges on the-inner end ofthe drill or bit 63, the actuating fluid flows from.v theback of the piston 47 along said` port 57 to lthe-recess 53 and actingon the surface 51- of the projection 50 of the valve reversesY thelatteror returns it. to the position in which it is shown in Fig. 10,whereupon the 4rear end of the cylinder 1 is placed open to exhaust andthe.

forward end placed in communication with the main supply port 3 ,aspreviously eX- plained. V

In the open center of the valve 49 and with its forward end fitting arecess'formed in the front' of. the c linder 1, is a cylindrical piece64 constructe kround'its 'circumference with ratchet teeth 65.- In arecess 66 formed -inside the valve 49 is located a ratchetor pawl 67which engages the ratchet teeth 65.

he ratchet 67 is maintained in gear withthe ratchet wheel or teeth -bymeans of a plunger 68 located in a hole 69 inside the recess 66, aspring 70'located in said hole 69 atth'e rear of the plunger 68 servinto keep it pressed forward'on thel back o the ratchet 67. The ratchet 67and valve 49 are free to rotate in one direction round the ratchet wheel64 but when the valve' 49 moves in the other direction itis compelled tocarry with it said ratchet wheel 64 so that no motion of- '.the valve 49in' one direction can take place without the ratchetv wheel 64 beingrotated,

whichftransmits the intermittent rotary mo` tion to the-drilling bit orboring tool 63.

-. Over the enlarged forward end of the-cylinder 1isscrewed'oraotherwise suitably secured the front cap 71- which servesto retain' the valve'49 andpawl 5671in position inthe cylinder 1. The[ratchet wheel' 64 is 'con- -structed with a hole ,720i square orpolygowhich abuts the front end of the front cap 71 i nal transversesection a'nd' that -portion of the shank of the vor-bi-t 63 which iitstherein is made of corresponding polygonal external section so that thedrill or bit 63 is compelled to rotate with said ratchet wheel 64.

'The' drill steel v63 is constructed with an annular Venlargement 7 3forming a shoulder and insures the shank of the drill or bit 63 enteringthe cylinder 41 the correct distance. The cutting 'extremity of the bit-63 may be made of any desired and, suitable shape. The rear end of theshank of the drill bit'63 is made'cylindrical and fits the reduced part74 of the bore of the cylinder land projects for `some distance into thebore so that it re- "ceives directly on its inner .end lthe lmpacts ofthe reciprocating percussive member or piston 47 y `In the part 7 4 lofthe bore of the cylinder 1 lis constructed an annular recess 75surrounding the rear end of the shank of the drill v63.

-' Thisl recessA 75 by meansv of a longitudinal port 76 is placed incommunication with the recess 36in the rear end of the c linder 1 orbetween the. cylinder 1 and t e cylinder cover 5'. YThis recess 36, aspreviouslyv eX-.

' plained, is placed in communication with the water supply by the port35 so that the water may pass from'said annular recess .36 alongcommunicating with a central recess 78 bev the'longitudinal port 76 tothe annular recess 75 surrounding the shank of the drill 63. A hole 77is for-med longitudinally of the drill steelcommunicating at the one endwith the front end of the powercylinder 1 and at the other'endterminating vat or in proximity to the cutting end ,of the drill A63. Itis shown tween the radial cutting edges 79.' ln the steel' 63 one ormore ports 80 `are formed which place the annular recess 75 in commu-jnication with the longitudinal hole 77 in the steel 63. These ports 80are preferably inclined in atorward direction from the recess".

75, tothe hole 77. With this construction a quantity' of the actuatinggaseous fluid passes from the cylinder 1 along the longitudinal hole 77to thecutting end of the drill or bit 63. In itsA assage acrossthe-inner ends of the angular y disposed ports 80 it draws in by suctiona. quantity of water and carries it along the longitudinal hole 77 tothe cutting l @mais end of the drill or bit, the water serving to reventthe formation of dust and in con- ]unction with the actuating gaseousfluid servin to eject the cuttings from the'bottom of the ole' beingdrilled.

. Ports 81 are formed through the front cap 71 coinciding with vtheexhaust ports 59,60

Vthrough which the exhaust from the power cylinder 1 may pass, to theatmosphere.

. Theoperation ofthe machinemay'be de-v scribed as follows zj-The feedcylinder 9 having been secured to a colunm .clamp or any other suitablesupport by means of the sleeve 16 and cone 17, the main-cylinder 1 ismoved in a rearward direction until the piston 10 on the'extension- 8takes yupy a position fat thel rear end of the feedcylinder 9. v Whenthe piston 10 is in this position in the feed cylinder 9 the spring boltor catch 23 engages the recess 26 inthe forward end of the extension 8and so retains the parts in these positions, or the machine maybe-retraotedl in the casing 9 before being clamped to the column bar orother support. The drill or bit 63 is then loosely positioned in thefront end of the power cylinder 1 with the portion of the shank which isof square or pol gonal tran'sverse section in the center o `theratchetwheel 64 and with the inner end projecting into the bore of thecylinder 1. -The spring bolt or, catch'23 having been disengaged fromthe recess 26, the valve 30 is-now so po-y sitioned as to admit the.water or other liquid under pressure from the hose 32 through the valve30 andports 33, 28,29 and 14to the back of the piston' 10. If. the holeto be bored is a downwardly inclined hole or the machine when operatingVis inclined in a downward direction, the plug y45 placed in the hole 44in the position in which it is shown in Fig. 2, or so -that the port 41is in l communication with theport 29 through said hole 44. This allowsthe liquid under pressure to enter the feed cylinder 9 at the front ofthe piston 10. This results in the machine being fed forward withapressure equal to that exerted by the liquid under pressure on thedifference in the areas of the y front and back of the piston 10. If thehole to be' drilled is an upwardlyinclined hole causing the machine tohave to be inclined in an upward direction, then the plug 45 is screweddown in the tapped hole 44 until it passes the port 41 and shuts ofi'the supply of the liquid to the front of the piston 10. Thel theactuating fluid to either end lof the power cylinder 1 impels the pistonor reciprocating percussive member 47 on its outward and percussive andrearward and inoperative-` strokes. In its return stroke it is preventedstriking violently on the cylinder cover 5 by the air f pressed in therecess 46, the cylindricalext'ension'48 acting as a plunger on theconfined fluid. On its forward stroke it impinges on the extremity ofthe .shank of the drill or bit 63inside the cylinder 1 and the ldrill.or bit` being loosely positioned in saidcylinderl is thereby drivenforward causing 'the cutting-end to strike the rock face. The

admission of the actuating gaseous fluid to the cylinder 1 at eachreciprocation of the piston 47 permits the fluid to travel along theports 57 and 58, which as hereinbefore fully described effects thereversal or imparts to the valve 49 its rotary motion in opl `positedirections and so controls the admissionof the actuating fluid to saidcylinder 1.

The movement of the valve 49 in one direction as hereinbofore fullyexplained, imparts to thc-ratchet wheel 64 an intermittent rotary motionin one direction and the ratchet Wheel transmits said intermittentrotary motionto the bit through the part of the shank which is ofpolygonal section and fits the hole orlbore of said ratchet wheel 64. Bythis meansthe Vvalve 49 is dependent upon the rotation taking place,that listo say the valve 49 `is incapable of movement in one directionWithout imparting the rotary motion to the ratchet wheel 64 and drillsteel 63, while it is free to rotate independently thereof in thereverse direction. A quantity of the actuating gaseous fluid passes fromthe front end of the Imain cylinder 1 along the longitudinal hole 77 inthe drill steel 63 and'as hereinbeforeil'described passes to the cuttingextremity along with a quantity :of water which enters the longitudinalhole 7 7 in the drill steel 63 from the recess 75 by the port or.

y3Q` controlling -the liquid suppl?I e ports 80 in the shank of the bit63.

Wheni the machine has reached the limit of its forward movement theactuating gaseousfluid supply is shut ofi and the valve is rotatedquarter of a revolution to the ft so as to place the back of.tlie'piston 1() in the feedl spring bolt 23 by engaging the recess 26at the front end of the extension 8 retains the parts in thesepositions. The drill or bit 63 is then removed and if it is desired todrill the hole deeper a longer drill orbit is then inserted in themachine and the above described' cycle of operations repeated.'

When it is desired for any reason to effect the feeding ofthe machine bymeans of the actuating gaseous fluid instead of by the liquid underpressure, then theI screw plug 38 is screwed down in the hole 37 untilthe piston 40 takes up -a -position in the recess round the top of the.ort 28, thereby closing the inner end of said port 28 to the watersupply and opening the port 29 to the hole 37, port 42 and recess 7,which are in communication with the actuating fluid inlet 2 through theport 4. I The fluid then passes to the rearo the piston-10 and if theplug 45 is in the position shown in Fig. 2, also to the front of thepiston 10 to eflect the feeding of the drill. By screwing down the plug45 the port 41 is closed to the actuatin fluid and opened to exhaust,when the ful area' of the back of the piston 10 is utilized for feedingthe drill. This was fully explained in connection with the liquidpressure feed. It will benoticed that when the piston 40 is `seatedinthe recess round the inner end of the port 28Ato utilize the actuatingfluid to feed the drill, it does not close the liquid supp y to therecess 36 so that the liquid l supplly to the drill or bit 63 continues.

T e mechanism for rotating4 the drill or bit, herein s'hWnLis not madetheV subjectmatter of claims in this application, but conv stitutes thesubject-matter of an application, Serial No. 321328, filed June 12,v1906, as a division of this application.

What we claim as our invention and desire to protect by Letters Patentis 1. In a drilling or boring machine or engine a power cylindercontaining percussive apparatus and provided with a rear extension, afeed-cylinder into which the rear ex.- tension is engaged, a pistoncarried by said extension, a port for sup lying air to the apparatus, a1port for supp ying water under pressure to t e rear extension, and a'valve for connecting either of said ports as desired to said extension.

2. In a drilling or bo'ring machine' or engine a power c 'lmder havingtwo po'rts leading into a thir port common to both, and a valvecomprising a screw and a piston, 40,

for connecting either'of the two ports with rear extension, a secondport for supplying` water to the forward end of the power cyhnder, and avalve for cutting off the supply of water through the 'first named portand without stopping the supply through the second name port.

4. In feed mechanism of the class de :on by such motive fluid.

y 5. In feed mechanism of they class described', the combination. with amotor, of

means for feeding the same to its Work, said meanscomprisingA a cylinderand a piston ol erating therein, .a assage-way lengthwise oughsaidpiston or conducting and admitting fluid under ressure to the cylinderat one side of the plston and means for admitting the fluid vunderpressure to the cylinder on the opposite side of the piston to vary theeective pressure area of the piston acted on by such motive fluid. f A

6r In a drilling or boring machine or engine, the combination with amain or power a drill or cylinder operatively` supportin bit and a motorfor rotating said drill or bit, of means for feedingV said. drill or bitcomprisingA a feed cylinder and a non-rotatiye piston operating therein,and means for conductin andv admitting fluid under pressure from t emain o1` power cylindersupply to the feed cylinder.

In witness whereof -we have hereunto set our hands in thepresence of twosubscribingwitnesses.v V

. HENRY HELLMAN.

LEWIS CQNDICT BAYIQFJS. g

Witnesses:

CHAS. OVENDALE, I R. OVENDALE.

